Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the intensity and quality of traffic to a web site from search engines via “natural” (organic) search results for targeted keywords.
Basically there are main two ways to do SEO: one is On-page optimization and other is Off-page optimization
Now here I will explain something about on page optimization:
On-page optimization is a technique of web page optimization. You can make a web page more search engine friendly by using this method. Once your web page is optimized, the search engines will drive targeted or relevant traffic to your web page.
Here are some tips that will help you in on-page optimization:
Ø Domain name: Try to have a domain name that has the most important targeted keyword.
Ø Title: Use variations of your targeted keywords in the title. In case you need branding, you may keep the company name at the end of your web site title.
Ø Internal navigation: Ensure an easy internal navigation between your web pages. You can put a sitemap so that visitors can reach any page with ease. If you feel that any particular page of your web site is more important than the others, isolate it and get more links pointing to it.
Ø H1 and H2 tags: Use your targeted keywords in these tags in a logical way and define them in the CSS file.
Ø Meta description: Put your targeted keywords in the beginning and call for an action in the end.
Ø Minimum word limit of a page: Don't put too much or too little text in your web page. Try to have at least 250 words on each of your web pages.
Ø Proper use of image ALT tags: You can use your targeted keywords in the image ALT tags.
Ø Use of strong tag: To put emphasis on the keywords, use the strong tag instead of the bold tag.
Ø Proper distribution of the keywords: Spread out your targeted keywords throughout the body of your content. Don't go for a keyword density that's too high or else, it may look spamming.
Ø Validate your code: It is advisable to get your web site codes validated by W3C so that it's easier for the SE spiders to crawl your web site.